Haryana
Haryana is the state of northern India. Chandigarh is the state's capital. It is bordered by Himachal Predesh and Punjab to the north, Rajasthan to the west and south. Delhi is also surround to the north side of the state. The name Haryana means The Abode of God, in Sanskrit Hari and Ayana means home. The river Yamuna stands on the border of Haryana and the states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarachal. Total districts of Haryana are 19. There are more then 80 cities and town in Haryana.
Yamuna and Saraswati are the main rivers of the state. Haryan holds a important place in the history of India. Several battles were fought there. Some of the few famous battle were Mahabharat and the battle of Panipat.
Agriculture is the main occupation of lot peoples in Haryana. Milk and foodgrain are Haryana's leading productions. Haryana's per capita income is also good then many other states in India. Gurgaon is the major hub for Information Technology and Automobile Industries in the country. Some of few Big Automobiles Industries have their headquarters in Gurgaon (Haryana) like Hero Honda and Maruti Udyog Ltd. There are textile and steel industries also in the state.
History
From the ancient time, Haryana has played a very important role in the history India. In the past Indus Valley Civilization have been found at Naurangabad in Bhivani District, Aghora in Hisar District. The Ancient Vedic Civilization were flourished on the banks of the Saraswati. There are several places which are mentioned in the famous epic, Mahabharata correspond to morden day cities in Haryana. One of the grate battle of the Kauravas and Pandavas tool place near the city of Kurukshetra. This battle took place to take control over Hastinapur. Krishna preached Bhagvad Gita to Arjuna there. Few greatest personality at that time were Emperor Janamejaya, Raja Jai Rao, Tomar Rajput, Prithviraj Chauhan, Maharaja Agrasen, King Harshvardhana, etc. Near Kurukshetra, The King Harshavardhana established his capital. The King ruled over a vast region for quite a while. Step by step the region gain importance for the rulers. In the 12th century Prithviraj Chauhan established forts at Tarori and Hansi. In the history of Panipat there were three famous battles took place there. The first battle faught between Babur, the ruler of Kabul and Ibrahim Lodi of the Delhi Sultanate, Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi. In the second battle of Panipat Akbar defeated Hem Chandra Vikramaditya who was the Hindu King. The third and last battle of Panipat was between Ahmad Shah Abadali of Afghan and Sadashivrao Bhau of Pune of Maratha. In this battle Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated Sadashivrao. All these three battles fought in the period of 1525 to 1762.
In the British Raj lot of leaders took part in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. Also during the Indian Freedom fight lot of peoples from the Haryan fought against the British Raj. Important fights took place in Sonipat, Sirsa, Hissar and Rothak. Rao Tula Ram was one of the important leader who took part actively in the Indian Rebellion of 1857.
Geography
Haryana located at northern India. Haryana has the Aravalli Hills in the south and Shivalik Hills in the north. The Yamuna river is the most important river of the state while there are some other important rivers in state, like the Saraswati river, the Markanda river and the Ghaggar river. The climate of Haryana is very hot in the summer which is around 50 degree Celsius and cold in winter around 1 deg Celsius. There is a monsoon season in July-September.
Culture
Haryana has a rich cultural heritage. People have their own tradition. Haryana has lot of festivals just like other states of India have.Haryana has a rich tradition of folk music. Classical music is also so have a big impact of the people of Haryana. Lot of Ragas are famous and sung by the people of the state, like Bhairavi, Kafi, Bhairav and many more. Dance is also so important form there. Hindi and Haryanvi are the major languages of Haryana, lot of other dialects are there. Sanskrit is still taught in most of the schools in Haryana. English is also widely spoken in Haryana.
Economy
Haryana is one of the main states in India which gain top ranks about its economic growth. Haryana grabbed the top position in terms of per capita investment in the last fiscal year. That is why Haryana's economy is one of the strongest economy in India. Lot of multinational companies are there which operates through Haryana state. That is why Haryana received a big FDI (foreign direct investment) in a good numbers. There are few top corporate groups of India have their corporate headquaters in Haryana state. In banking sector also Haryana holds a good position. Approximately thousands of large and medium industries are there. Lot of there have their existence in Gurgain, Faridabad, and Bahadurgarh. Lot of manufacturing firms are there, because of this Haryana grabbed a main position in the production of four wheeler, two wheeler and automobiles parts. Some of the top corporate houses, which runs from Haryana, are as follows: Maruti Udyog Ltd., Hero Honda, Bharti Telecom, Hindustan Machine Tools and Alcatel.
Corporate houses in Faridabad - JCB India Ltd., Yamaha Motor India, ABB and Whirlpool etc.
Education
There were more then 10000 primary schools, around 1500 middle schools and approximately 3000 high schools and around 1000 senior secondary schools in Haryana.
Universities of Haryana
1. Kurukshetra Univercity, Kurukshetra.
2. Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar.
3. Maharishi Dayanand University, Rohtak
4. Chaudhary Devi Lal University, Sisra.
5. Chaudhary Charan Singh Agricultural University, Hisar.
Thursday, October 2, 2008
Wednesday, October 1, 2008
Delhi
Delhi
Delhi is the capital of India and also the second largest metropolis of India. Hindi, English, Punjabi and Urdu these are the languages of Delhi. Delhi is located on the banks of the Yamuna river, it is one of the oldest cities in the world. Delhi is known for his historical movements a lot. It has been the capital of several India empires. The Old Delhi was build by the Mughal Emperor Shahajan. Before the British Raj, Calcutta was the capital of the Nation and after the British Raj took control of India they announced Delhi as the Nation's Capital. New Delhi was built in that period of British Raj. Delhi's rapid development is the main reason that Delhi is a major cultural, commercial, and political center of India.
History
In the history of Delhi, it was not the main center of power. It took long period to made Delhi the Capital of India. From the old period Delhi was the premier location in terms of geography. This is the main reason of Delhi's development in terms of politics and commercial.The famous Mauryan King, Asoka described Delhi as a major city because Delhi was on the great northern highway of the Mauryas and linked their capital Patliputta with Takshashila. The major cities of Delhi were Indraprastha, Siri, Ferozabad, Dinpanah, Tughlakabad, Quila Rai Pithora, Lal Kot, Shahjahanabad. Indraprastha was Delhi's earliest city. Some part of the Siri city, like the beautiful Alai Darwaza and the south gate of the Quwwat-ulIslam Mosque, was built by Alauddin Khilji. Then in Firozabad city there is a stadium of cricket game which is called Feroze Shah Kotla stadium. Shajahanbad also was a important city. Jama Masjid, The Red Fort, main streets of old Delhi are there in this city. These are the reasons for importance of these all cities.
Geography
Delhi is located at northern India. Delhi borders the Indian states of Haryana to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the East. The main river of Delhi is Yamuna. Yamuna is a sacred river in Hinduism. Yamuna river originates from the Aravalli. Range.
Climate
Summer - March to June
Monsoon - July to October
Winter - October to January
Max. temperature - 30 C to 45 C
Economy
Over the past few year Delhi's economy has been growing tremendously.It started to gein impotence in textile and handloom, arts and crafts. Delhi is also a manufacturing hub of India. Delhi is the second largest commercial center in South Asia after Mumbai. Lot of multi national companies are there in Delhi. Major service sector industries, like banking, technology, information technology, medical and life science, have their headquarters in Delhi. In the field of IT Delhi ranks 2nd after Bangalore. And because of this all Delhi's unemployment rate decreased.
Transport
There are three main transport in Delhi, buses, rickshaws and The Delhi Metro. Buses are the most important means of transport. More then 55% of population travels by buses.
Culture
Delhi's culture has been influenced by its history. Its cultural heritage reflected in its music, dance, arts and crafts. More then 160 monuments has been found in the city. They are declared as national heritage sites. Some of them are as follows; The Red Fort, Humayun's Tomb, Qutab Minar, The India Gate, The Purana Qila, and The Jantar Mantar. Jama Masjid is the largest mosque in India. Some more important places are The Laxminarayan Temple, Akshardham Temple, then Raj Ghat.
Festivals
Lot of festivals celebrated in Delhi, like Diwali (the festival of light), Guru Nanak's Jayanti, Holi (Festival of colors), Lohri, Eid, Buddha
jayanti and Durga Puja.
Education
Education in Delhi has been growing over the past few years. There is lot of Universities, Colleges, Schools which make Delhi as the most favorite educational destination hub for peoples. Delhi has top ranked medical institutes, research institutes, engineering institutes, and management institutes. That is why the peoples of Delhi get a quality education. Delhi University is the most recognize university. Approximately there were 2600 schools, 170 colleges. Delhi has 6 universities. The language of instruction is English in most of the private school whereas government school always preferred Hindi as the study medium. Some of the important education and research institutes are as follows; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi College of Engineering, All India Institute if Medical Science, Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology, Indian Law Institute, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, and Delhi School of Economics.
Delhi is the capital of India and also the second largest metropolis of India. Hindi, English, Punjabi and Urdu these are the languages of Delhi. Delhi is located on the banks of the Yamuna river, it is one of the oldest cities in the world. Delhi is known for his historical movements a lot. It has been the capital of several India empires. The Old Delhi was build by the Mughal Emperor Shahajan. Before the British Raj, Calcutta was the capital of the Nation and after the British Raj took control of India they announced Delhi as the Nation's Capital. New Delhi was built in that period of British Raj. Delhi's rapid development is the main reason that Delhi is a major cultural, commercial, and political center of India.
History
In the history of Delhi, it was not the main center of power. It took long period to made Delhi the Capital of India. From the old period Delhi was the premier location in terms of geography. This is the main reason of Delhi's development in terms of politics and commercial.The famous Mauryan King, Asoka described Delhi as a major city because Delhi was on the great northern highway of the Mauryas and linked their capital Patliputta with Takshashila. The major cities of Delhi were Indraprastha, Siri, Ferozabad, Dinpanah, Tughlakabad, Quila Rai Pithora, Lal Kot, Shahjahanabad. Indraprastha was Delhi's earliest city. Some part of the Siri city, like the beautiful Alai Darwaza and the south gate of the Quwwat-ulIslam Mosque, was built by Alauddin Khilji. Then in Firozabad city there is a stadium of cricket game which is called Feroze Shah Kotla stadium. Shajahanbad also was a important city. Jama Masjid, The Red Fort, main streets of old Delhi are there in this city. These are the reasons for importance of these all cities.
Geography
Delhi is located at northern India. Delhi borders the Indian states of Haryana to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the East. The main river of Delhi is Yamuna. Yamuna is a sacred river in Hinduism. Yamuna river originates from the Aravalli. Range.
Climate
Summer - March to June
Monsoon - July to October
Winter - October to January
Max. temperature - 30 C to 45 C
Economy
Over the past few year Delhi's economy has been growing tremendously.It started to gein impotence in textile and handloom, arts and crafts. Delhi is also a manufacturing hub of India. Delhi is the second largest commercial center in South Asia after Mumbai. Lot of multi national companies are there in Delhi. Major service sector industries, like banking, technology, information technology, medical and life science, have their headquarters in Delhi. In the field of IT Delhi ranks 2nd after Bangalore. And because of this all Delhi's unemployment rate decreased.
Transport
There are three main transport in Delhi, buses, rickshaws and The Delhi Metro. Buses are the most important means of transport. More then 55% of population travels by buses.
Culture
Delhi's culture has been influenced by its history. Its cultural heritage reflected in its music, dance, arts and crafts. More then 160 monuments has been found in the city. They are declared as national heritage sites. Some of them are as follows; The Red Fort, Humayun's Tomb, Qutab Minar, The India Gate, The Purana Qila, and The Jantar Mantar. Jama Masjid is the largest mosque in India. Some more important places are The Laxminarayan Temple, Akshardham Temple, then Raj Ghat.
Festivals
Lot of festivals celebrated in Delhi, like Diwali (the festival of light), Guru Nanak's Jayanti, Holi (Festival of colors), Lohri, Eid, Buddha
jayanti and Durga Puja.
Education
Education in Delhi has been growing over the past few years. There is lot of Universities, Colleges, Schools which make Delhi as the most favorite educational destination hub for peoples. Delhi has top ranked medical institutes, research institutes, engineering institutes, and management institutes. That is why the peoples of Delhi get a quality education. Delhi University is the most recognize university. Approximately there were 2600 schools, 170 colleges. Delhi has 6 universities. The language of instruction is English in most of the private school whereas government school always preferred Hindi as the study medium. Some of the important education and research institutes are as follows; Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi College of Engineering, All India Institute if Medical Science, Netaji Subhash Institute of Technology, Indian Law Institute, Indian Institute of Foreign Trade, and Delhi School of Economics.
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu is the 11th largest state in India in terms of area. Tamil Nadu is bordered by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Poducherry. It is bound by Eastern Ghats, The Anamalai Hills, The Nilgiri,Palakkad, Bay of Bengal, Gulf of Mannar, Palk Strait and Indian Ocean. In terms of GDP growth Tamil Nadu stands on 5th number. The development of Tamil Nadu starts very early. The main features of the state are Flora and Fauna, grand Hindu Temples of Dravidian Architecture.
History
Tamil Nadu ruled by the early Cholas between 1st and 4th centuries CE. Karikalan was the first and the most famous king, who built the kallanai dam across the Kaveri River. The Cholas were excellent in military expertise. They ruled the present Thanjavar and Tiruchirpalli districts. Chola expanded their influence in the south and the northern region. All the Chola Kings build Temples, like Brahadeswarer's temple. They were major parts of the ancient history of Tamil Nadu. Pallavas the great temple builders emerged into prominence and dominated the south for another 400 years. A large portion of Tamil Nadu was ruled by them. One of the greatest {allava rulers were Mahendravarman and his son Narasimhavarman. The last Pallava King was Aparajitha. He was defeated by Aditya Chola. Then with the decline of the Cholas towards the end of the 11th century, the Pandyas ruled the state under the Maravarman Sundara Pandya. But this for the very short time as the Pandya capital of Madhurai was defeated by Alauddin Khilji of Delhi. Because of this invasions Vijaynagar Empire established in the Deccan. And it lasted almost three centuries. After Vijaynagar Empire, The Nayak governed the state, appointed by the Vijaynagar Kingdom. They were most prominent of them all in the 17th century.
Geography
Tamil Nadu is the 11th largest staet in India in terms of Area. West and North there is a hills while the East and South are coastal plains. Tamil Nadu bordered by Karnataka to the northwest, Kerala to the west,Andhra Pradesh to the north nd Bay of Bengal to the East. Tamil Nadu also has a coastline which is more then 15% of the country's coastline. The natural disaster 'The Tsunami' hit India in 2004. Almost 8000 peoples were dead. The state have more monsoon then other states in India. The temperature of the state is 43 C (Max.), and 13 C (min.). Tamil Nadu has 31 districts.
Education
Tamil Nadu has 19 Universities. The state has more then 240 engineering college and almost 1100 arts colleges. Some of the well known institutes are there in state, namely IIT Madras, Anna University, PSG Tech, NIT Tiruchi, University of Madras, CMC Vellore, Madras Medical Colege, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Tamil Nadu also produces the highest numbers of engineering graduates in India.
Culture
Tamil Nadu has a great tradition of heritage and culture that developed over 2000 years ago and still continues to flourish. Through the rule of dynasties that ruled the state in the history, gave patronage to art and culture that resulted into the development of a unique Dravidian culture. Architecture, literature and art these fields were under tremendous growth and development because of the Pallavas, Pandya and Cholas. Bharatnatyam and Tanjore painting were developed and and continue to be practiced in Tamil Nadu. Most of the people still live in villages there. Tamil is the official language of Tamil Nadu. Tamil is one of the classical languages of the world. Tamil is also spoken by a number of people in Shi Lanka.
Religion
The main religion os Tamil Ndu are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and Jainism. Hiduism is the oldest religion in the state. Lot of Hindu temples are there in the state, like Meenakshi Amman Temple, which is one of the gradest temples in the country. Shiva, Vishnu and Murugan are some of the main forms worshiped there. Many more other forms, like Ganesh, Paravati, Surya, Rama, Krishna are also worshiped in the state.
Festivals
Pongal is the most famous and most celebrated festivals of Tamil Nadu. Pongal is celebrated on the 14th of January every year. At that time atmosphere around the temples become exciting and happening. The first day of Pongal is celebrated with the new clothes, people puts new clothes on that day. The second day is about Surya Pongal. And the third day, Mattu Pongal, people offer thanks to the cattle, as they provide milk and used to make a good land.
Economy
Tamil Nadu ranks 5th in terms of the size of its economy. Seventy percent of the people's occupation is agriculture. More then 30% population of the state live in urban areas while remaining population resides in rural area. With the help of science and technology people using lot of latest practices in their business. The main food crops that are grown in Tamil Nadu are rice, pulse and oil seeds. And the important crops are tea, rubber, cotton, cashew, coconut and sugarcane. At present Tamil Nadu is the most industrialized states in India. Lot of main production houses are there in the field of automobiles, diesel engines, tractors, steel, chemicals, and many more. Some of the main companies are situated in Tamil Nadu state, namely Hyundai, BMW, Ford, TVS, Mahindra and Mahindra, Royal Enfield, Ashok Leyland and many more. Tamil Nadu is also export yarn, tea, engineering goods, tobacco, handcrafts and granite.
Tamil Nadu is the 11th largest state in India in terms of area. Tamil Nadu is bordered by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, and Poducherry. It is bound by Eastern Ghats, The Anamalai Hills, The Nilgiri,Palakkad, Bay of Bengal, Gulf of Mannar, Palk Strait and Indian Ocean. In terms of GDP growth Tamil Nadu stands on 5th number. The development of Tamil Nadu starts very early. The main features of the state are Flora and Fauna, grand Hindu Temples of Dravidian Architecture.
History
Tamil Nadu ruled by the early Cholas between 1st and 4th centuries CE. Karikalan was the first and the most famous king, who built the kallanai dam across the Kaveri River. The Cholas were excellent in military expertise. They ruled the present Thanjavar and Tiruchirpalli districts. Chola expanded their influence in the south and the northern region. All the Chola Kings build Temples, like Brahadeswarer's temple. They were major parts of the ancient history of Tamil Nadu. Pallavas the great temple builders emerged into prominence and dominated the south for another 400 years. A large portion of Tamil Nadu was ruled by them. One of the greatest {allava rulers were Mahendravarman and his son Narasimhavarman. The last Pallava King was Aparajitha. He was defeated by Aditya Chola. Then with the decline of the Cholas towards the end of the 11th century, the Pandyas ruled the state under the Maravarman Sundara Pandya. But this for the very short time as the Pandya capital of Madhurai was defeated by Alauddin Khilji of Delhi. Because of this invasions Vijaynagar Empire established in the Deccan. And it lasted almost three centuries. After Vijaynagar Empire, The Nayak governed the state, appointed by the Vijaynagar Kingdom. They were most prominent of them all in the 17th century.
Geography
Tamil Nadu is the 11th largest staet in India in terms of Area. West and North there is a hills while the East and South are coastal plains. Tamil Nadu bordered by Karnataka to the northwest, Kerala to the west,Andhra Pradesh to the north nd Bay of Bengal to the East. Tamil Nadu also has a coastline which is more then 15% of the country's coastline. The natural disaster 'The Tsunami' hit India in 2004. Almost 8000 peoples were dead. The state have more monsoon then other states in India. The temperature of the state is 43 C (Max.), and 13 C (min.). Tamil Nadu has 31 districts.
Education
Tamil Nadu has 19 Universities. The state has more then 240 engineering college and almost 1100 arts colleges. Some of the well known institutes are there in state, namely IIT Madras, Anna University, PSG Tech, NIT Tiruchi, University of Madras, CMC Vellore, Madras Medical Colege, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. Tamil Nadu also produces the highest numbers of engineering graduates in India.
Culture
Tamil Nadu has a great tradition of heritage and culture that developed over 2000 years ago and still continues to flourish. Through the rule of dynasties that ruled the state in the history, gave patronage to art and culture that resulted into the development of a unique Dravidian culture. Architecture, literature and art these fields were under tremendous growth and development because of the Pallavas, Pandya and Cholas. Bharatnatyam and Tanjore painting were developed and and continue to be practiced in Tamil Nadu. Most of the people still live in villages there. Tamil is the official language of Tamil Nadu. Tamil is one of the classical languages of the world. Tamil is also spoken by a number of people in Shi Lanka.
Religion
The main religion os Tamil Ndu are Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, and Jainism. Hiduism is the oldest religion in the state. Lot of Hindu temples are there in the state, like Meenakshi Amman Temple, which is one of the gradest temples in the country. Shiva, Vishnu and Murugan are some of the main forms worshiped there. Many more other forms, like Ganesh, Paravati, Surya, Rama, Krishna are also worshiped in the state.
Festivals
Pongal is the most famous and most celebrated festivals of Tamil Nadu. Pongal is celebrated on the 14th of January every year. At that time atmosphere around the temples become exciting and happening. The first day of Pongal is celebrated with the new clothes, people puts new clothes on that day. The second day is about Surya Pongal. And the third day, Mattu Pongal, people offer thanks to the cattle, as they provide milk and used to make a good land.
Economy
Tamil Nadu ranks 5th in terms of the size of its economy. Seventy percent of the people's occupation is agriculture. More then 30% population of the state live in urban areas while remaining population resides in rural area. With the help of science and technology people using lot of latest practices in their business. The main food crops that are grown in Tamil Nadu are rice, pulse and oil seeds. And the important crops are tea, rubber, cotton, cashew, coconut and sugarcane. At present Tamil Nadu is the most industrialized states in India. Lot of main production houses are there in the field of automobiles, diesel engines, tractors, steel, chemicals, and many more. Some of the main companies are situated in Tamil Nadu state, namely Hyundai, BMW, Ford, TVS, Mahindra and Mahindra, Royal Enfield, Ashok Leyland and many more. Tamil Nadu is also export yarn, tea, engineering goods, tobacco, handcrafts and granite.
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